石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)是具有高(gao)硬度、高(gao)脆(cui)性特點的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。隨著科學技術和(he)現(xian)(xian)代工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用領域(yu)日益擴(kuo)展(zhan)(zhan)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)開采(cai)量(liang)(liang)(liang)逐(zhu)年增加(jia)，如圖1—1所示。我國(guo)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)經過(guo)近(jin)20年的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)速發展(zhan)(zhan)，一躍(yue)成(cheng)為在石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)、消費量(liang)(liang)(liang)、貿易量(liang)(liang)(liang)均(jun)位于世界首位的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)大(da)國(guo)。2008年石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)達2．23億平方千米，比2007年同比增加(jia)了27%。2005年以(yi)(yi)來(lai)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)以(yi)(yi)穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)速度增長，其(qi)產品、工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、設備(bei)技術含量(liang)(liang)(liang)極大(da)提高(gao)，大(da)中(zhong)型石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)企業(ye)(ye)不(bu)斷涌(yong)現(xian)(xian)，行(xing)業(ye)(ye)呈(cheng)現(xian)(xian)強勁的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)勢頭，中(zhong)國(guo)已成(cheng)為名副(fu)其(qi)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)世界石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)，重(zhong)慶(qing)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)發展(zhan)(zhan)趨(qu)勢和(he)前景看好。近(jin)年來(lai)中(zhong)國(guo)作(zuo)為石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)開采(cai)和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領頭國(guo)，生(sheng)產240個品種的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)崗石(shi)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)總產量(liang)(liang)(liang)約占(zhan)世界的(de)(de)(de)(de)65%。 

　　在石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)占(zhan)有重(zhong)(zhong)要地位。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主要包括石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)割、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)磨(mo)削和(he)(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)拋(pao)光。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)主要采用(yong)(yong)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磨(mo)料(liao)和(he)(he)(he)陶瓷磨(mo)料(liao)。在加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)一道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序，鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)本占(zhan)整個加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)(de)(de)50%以(yi)上。目前，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)硬(ying)脆材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)割加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主要采用(yong)(yong)各種金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。由(you)于(yu)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是自然界已(yi)知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)物質，其(qi)優異性(xing)能決定(ding)其(qi)在石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)硬(ying)脆材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)切(qie)(qie)割加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領域具(ju)(ju)(ju)有廣闊的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展前景。應用(yong)(yong)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)硬(ying)脆材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式主要有圓鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)片切(qie)(qie)割、金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)帶鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)割、金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)框架鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)割、金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)串(chuan)珠繩鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)割等(deng)。重(zhong)(zhong)慶石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)盡管(guan)每種方(fang)法(fa)有不同的(de)(de)(de)特點和(he)(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)范圍，但其(qi)切(qie)(qie)割機(ji)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)機(ji)理(li)(li)卻大(da)致(zhi)相同。由(you)于(yu)切(qie)(qie)割石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)是金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)主要的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)途(tu)，因(yin)此，深入研究石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)機(ji)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)機(ji)理(li)(li)對(dui)于(yu)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)合理(li)(li)制造與(yu)正(zheng)確使用(yong)(yong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有重(zhong)(zhong)要意義。長期以(yi)來，國內外專家學者對(dui)金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)花崗巖的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)理(li)(li)、金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損(sun)(sun)機(ji)理(li)(li)，以(yi)及鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)力做了(le)大(da)量試驗和(he)(he)(he)研究，取(qu)得了(le)令人矚目的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)果，重(zhong)(zhong)慶石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)鋸(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)研究開發(fa)起到(dao)了(le)積極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)推動作用(yong)(yong)。