石(shi)(shi)材(cai)是具有高(gao)(gao)硬度、高(gao)(gao)脆(cui)性特點的材(cai)料。隨著科學技術和現(xian)代(dai)工業(ye)的發展(zhan)，石(shi)(shi)材(cai)的應(ying)用領(ling)域日益擴展(zhan)，石(shi)(shi)材(cai)開采量(liang)(liang)逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)加，如(ru)圖1—1所(suo)示。我國(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)行業(ye)經(jing)過近(jin)20年(nian)(nian)(nian)的高(gao)(gao)速發展(zhan)，一躍成(cheng)為(wei)在(zai)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)、消費量(liang)(liang)、貿易量(liang)(liang)均位于世界首位的石(shi)(shi)材(cai)工業(ye)大(da)國(guo)(guo)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)達(da)2．23億(yi)平方千(qian)米，比(bi)2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)同比(bi)增(zeng)加了27%。2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)以來(lai)，石(shi)(shi)材(cai)的產(chan)量(liang)(liang)以穩定的速度增(zeng)長，其產(chan)品、工藝、設備技術含量(liang)(liang)極大(da)提高(gao)(gao)，大(da)中(zhong)型(xing)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)企業(ye)不斷涌現(xian)，行業(ye)呈現(xian)強勁(jing)的發展(zhan)勢頭，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)已成(cheng)為(wei)名副(fu)其實的世界石(shi)(shi)材(cai)加工廠，重慶石(shi)(shi)材(cai)加工發展(zhan)趨(qu)勢和前景(jing)看好。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)作為(wei)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)開采和加工的領(ling)頭國(guo)(guo)，生(sheng)產(chan)240個品種的花崗(gang)石(shi)(shi)，石(shi)(shi)材(cai)總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)約占(zhan)世界的65%。 

　　在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具占有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)地位。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)包括石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋸(ju)(ju)割、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削和(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)拋光。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)(yong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)陶瓷磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(liao)。在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)占整個加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50%以(yi)上。目前，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)硬脆材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)(yong)各種金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具。由于金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)自然界已知的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬物質(zhi)，其優異性(xing)能決定其在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)硬脆材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領域(yu)具有(you)廣闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展前景。應用(yong)(yong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)硬脆材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)圓(yuan)鋸(ju)(ju)片切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)帶鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)框架(jia)鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)串(chuan)珠繩(sheng)鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割等(deng)。重(zhong)慶(qing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)盡管每種方法有(you)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點和(he)(he)應用(yong)(yong)范圍，但其切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割機(ji)理(li)和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)機(ji)理(li)卻大(da)致相(xiang)同。由于切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)是(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)途(tu)，因(yin)此，深入研究石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)理(li)和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)機(ji)理(li)對(dui)于金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合理(li)制造與正(zheng)確(que)使用(yong)(yong)具有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)意義。長(chang)期以(yi)來，國(guo)內外(wai)專家學者對(dui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)花崗(gang)巖(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)理(li)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)機(ji)理(li)，以(yi)及鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)力做了(le)大(da)量(liang)試驗和(he)(he)研究，取得了(le)令人(ren)矚目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)果，重(zhong)慶(qing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋸(ju)(ju)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究開發起到了(le)積極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推動作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。