噪(zao)(zao)(zao)音(yin)所產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)危(wei)害是比較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，尤其是表現在(zai)(zai)如下(xia)幾(ji)個(ge)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)：1、長期(qi)在(zai)(zai)強烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)音(yin)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)工作(zuo)，可(ke)以使(shi)人(ren)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)性耳聾。2、影響人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)工作(zuo)、學(xue)習(xi)及日常(chang)生(sheng)活。那么(me)石材加工過(guo)程中(zhong)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)音(yin)是怎樣產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呢？它主(zhu)要(yao)來自齒(chi)(chi)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)，鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)振動(dong)(dong)(dong)及物料摩擦聲(sheng)。齒(chi)(chi)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)：是當鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)高速(su)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi)，鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋸(ju)(ju)齒(chi)(chi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)相(xiang)互作(zuo)用，引起空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力脈(mo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)而(er)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)。齒(chi)(chi)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)與(yu)(yu)(yu)鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑、鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線速(su)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三次方(fang)(fang)成正(zheng)比，當轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)越低時(shi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)其線速(su)度三次方(fang)(fang)成正(zheng)比，齒(chi)(chi)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻率(lv)(lv)可(ke)由(you)下(xia)式(shi)(shi)計算：式(shi)(shi)中(zhong)：fi—齒(chi)(chi)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)頻率(lv)(lv)，即鋸(ju)(ju)齒(chi)(chi)每秒(miao)打空(kong)氣(qi)質點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次數，（HZ）z—鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)數（個(ge)）n—鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)（r/min）i—諧波序(xu)(xu)號i=1、2、3……鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi)，每個(ge)齒(chi)(chi)尖(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)單極輻射流(liu)(liu)，并周期(qi)地通過(guo)工作(zuo)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋸(ju)(ju)縫(feng)向外排出，由(you)于氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)壓(ya)力發生(sheng)激烈變(bian)化，隨之產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)排氣(qi)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)，排氣(qi)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升功(gong)率(lv)(lv)也(ye)隨著(zhu)鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)線速(su)度增大而(er)急劇增加，它與(yu)(yu)(yu)氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)速(su)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)6次方(fang)(fang)成正(zheng)比，在(zai)(zai)線速(su)度較小時(shi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)其5次方(fang)(fang)成正(zheng)比，則排氣(qi)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)頻率(lv)(lv)為(wei)：式(shi)(shi)中(zhong)：fi—排氣(qi)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)頻率(lv)(lv)，（HZ）z—鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)數（個(ge)）n—鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)軸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)（r/min）i—諧波序(xu)(xu)號i=1、2、3……在(zai)(zai)鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)高速(su)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi)，每當渦流(liu)(liu)分離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻率(lv)(lv)與(yu)(yu)(yu)鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固有頻率(lv)(lv)相(xiang)近時(shi)，就發生(sheng)共振，便發出“尖(jian)(jian)(jian)叫聲(sheng)”，其頻率(lv)(lv)為(wei)：f=z fr式(shi)(shi)中(zhong)：z—鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)數（個(ge)）fr—軸回(hui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)頻率(lv)(lv)（HZ）鋸(ju)(ju)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)屬(shu)于薄壁件，其剛(gang)性一般較差，在(zai)(zai)外力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)很(hen)容(rong)易產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)振動(dong)(dong)(dong)，由(you)于振動(dong)(dong)(dong)便容(rong)易產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)物料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩擦，因此(ci)該類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)音(yin)也(ye)就隨之產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)。

安順偉奇大理石石材廠通常在石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的背面滴(di)(di)上一(yi)小滴(di)(di)墨(mo)水(shui)，如墨(mo)水(shui)很快四處分散浸出，即表示石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)內部(bu)顆粒較松或(huo)存在顯微裂隙，石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)質量不好(hao)；反(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若墨(mo)水(shui)滴(di)(di)在原處不動(dong)，則(ze)說(shuo)明石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)致密質地好(hao)。青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的安(an)裝(zhuang)重慶青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)具有一(yi)定(ding)的特性(xing)，耐凍，易加工，那么隨著它在建筑行業(ye)的廣(guang)泛應用(yong)，如今已經成為大(da)眾關注的焦點，今天重慶青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)帶您(nin)來看(kan)一(yi)下(xia)(xia)：關于青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)安(an)裝(zhuang)的有關介紹，希望以下(xia)(xia)的介紹對石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加工的朋友(you)能有所幫助(zhu)。1、在安(an)裝(zhuang)青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，先要(yao)做(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)準備工作。要(yao)根(gen)據(ju)施工大(da)樣圖和加工單為依據(ju)，同時還(huan)要(yao)了解各部(bu)位尺寸(cun)的大(da)小和做(zuo)(zuo)法(fa)，了解清楚邊(bian)角、弧位等部(bu)位之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間的關系。2、在正式鋪沒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，要(yao)把青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)按圖案、紋理、顏色鮮使拼好(hao)，重慶青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)然(ran)后再講非整塊的青石(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)對稱的放在邊(bian)沿的部(bu)位，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后在按兩個方向編(bian)號的排列和放整齊。

天(tian)然(ran)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)瓦(wa)也(ye)稱頁巖(yan)(yan)瓦(wa)、青石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)瓦(wa)，是(shi)(shi)對天(tian)然(ran)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)做(zuo)房頂蓋瓦(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通俗稱法，規范術(shu)語為(wei)瓦(wa)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。據考證，在(zai)我(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)之鄉”陜西(xi)紫陽(yang)縣，自(zi)先秦時刻就開始用(yong)(yong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)擋風蓋房頂，至(zhi)今還(huan)無缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)保存著許多古拙(zhuo)秀(xiu)美的(de)(de)(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)居。重(zhong)慶青石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)欄(lan)桿因為(wei)加(jia)工(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)落后，數百年來，歐美國度(du)對板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舉辦深加(jia)工(gong)后廣泛(fan)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)于修(xiu)建(jian)屋(wu)面(mian)，從(cong)博物(wu)館、教堂(tang)到(dao)市政廳、城堡等高級(ji)修(xiu)建(jian)，黑色石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)瓦(wa)屋(wu)面(mian)已經(jing)成為(wei)歐洲(zhou)修(xiu)建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)象征(zheng)之一(yi)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)不是(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)而是(shi)(shi)天(tian)然(ran)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(也(ye)稱為(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan))，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)大(da)理石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)、砂巖(yan)(yan)等相同是(shi)(shi)天(tian)然(ran)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)，其大(da)特(te)(te)征(zheng)是(shi)(shi)具有(you)天(tian)然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劈理，能夠用(yong)(yong)手工(gong)或機械的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法將其劈分隔，所以修(xiu)建(jian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)都(dou)未(wei)經(jing)機械打磨，具有(you)古拙(zhuo)天(tian)然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)特(te)(te)征(zheng)。因為(wei)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)特(te)(te)征(zheng)和(he)蛻變效果的(de)(de)(de)(de)不一(yi)樣，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中一(yi)有(you)些優(you)質材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)能夠被(bei)加(jia)工(gong)成屋(wu)面(mian)蓋瓦(wa)，這些板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)一(yi)般(ban)被(bei)稱為(wei)瓦(wa)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)巖(yan)(yan)，不能做(zuo)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)加(jia)工(gong)成飾(shi)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，用(yong)(yong)作(zuo)墻面(mian)、地上的(de)(de)(de)(de)潤(run)飾(shi)。重(zhong)慶石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)工(gong)廠石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)都(dou)很硬，一(yi)同又因為(wei)其顏(yan)色秀(xiu)美，形式多樣，所以在(zai)日子中得到(dao)了廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)，運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)數量也(ye)越(yue)來越(yue)大(da)，在(zai)咱們的(de)(de)(de)(de)日子中效果也(ye)被(bei)逐步大(da)拓展，跟著修(xiu)建(jian)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)翻開以及裝(zhuang)修(xiu)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)跋涉，已經(jing)成為(wei)很廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)建(jian)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)。

加裝隔聲罩(zhao)用(yong)(yong)隔聲罩(zhao)來降(jiang)(jiang)低鋸片加工時(shi)的(de)綜合噪(zao)聲是行之有效(xiao)的(de)，罩(zhao)殼用(yong)(yong)鋼板制成，內涂阻尼材(cai)料(liao)(liao)、吸(xi)(xi)聲材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，選(xuan)擇(ze)超細(xi)玻璃棉，襯(chen)一層玻璃布。并用(yong)(yong)穿(chuan)孔(kong)板護面(mian)。罩(zhao)殼、吸(xi)(xi)聲材(cai)料(liao)(liao)、穿(chuan)孔(kong)板相對(dui)固定以防止設備(bei)運(yun)轉造(zao)成系統共振引起新(xin)的(de)噪(zao)音。措施與能達到的(de)降(jiang)(jiang)噪(zao)效(xiao)果(guo)：（1）基(ji)體采用(yong)(yong)復合結構可以降(jiang)(jiang)噪(zao)10分(fen)貝左右（2）減振法蘭盤可以降(jiang)(jiang)噪(zao)3分(fen)貝左右（3）基(ji)體采用(yong)(yong)消(xiao)音孔(kong)或消(xiao)音縫5分(fen)貝左右（4）整體隔音罩(zhao)10分(fen)貝左右簡析人造(zao)石的(de)用(yong)(yong)途人造(zao)石材(cai)從誕生至今(jin)經歷幾(ji)十(shi)年的(de)研究、開(kai)發(fa)(fa)和創新(xin)，使人造(zao)石材(cai)能開(kai)發(fa)(fa)多(duo)種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)與商業、住宅、甚(shen)至軍(jun)事領域等。在商業用(yong)(yong)途上，人造(zao)石材(cai)的(de)使用(yong)(yong)幾(ji)乎不受限制。根(gen)據產(chan)品的(de)適(shi)應(ying)性，它可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)健康(kang)中(zhong)心(xin)、醫(yi)療機構、公(gong)(gong)共寫字樓、廠礦公(gong)(gong)司、購物中(zhong)心(xin)等空(kong)間里的(de)設備(bei)設施。

冬季為了方(fang)便清潔(jie)工(gong)作(zuo)和清潔(jie)效果，建議(yi)在出入口(kou)(kou)放置吸(xi)水地(di)(di)墊，保潔(jie)員也應(ying)同時(shi)(shi)作(zuo)好隨時(shi)(shi)清潔(jie)污垢、污水的(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)備，且地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)也應(ying)使用刷地(di)(di)機(ji)每周(zhou)清洗1次(ci)(ci)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。大理石(shi)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定期養(yang)護1、大理石(shi)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)在完(wan)成一(yi)次(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全方(fang)位(wei)蠟(la)(la)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)護理后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)3個月后(hou)，局(ju)部磨損處(chu)應(ying)該進行補蠟(la)(la)處(chu)理并(bing)拋(pao)光，可延長蠟(la)(la)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命。2、大理石(shi)打(da)蠟(la)(la)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)建議(yi)有條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)位(wei)，每晚在出入口(kou)(kou)處(chu)及電梯處(chu)進行拋(pao)光噴磨養(yang)護。3、大理石(shi)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)在完(wan)成一(yi)次(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全方(fang)位(wei)蠟(la)(la)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)護理后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)8—10個月后(hou)，建議(yi)起蠟(la)(la)或整體清洗完(wan)畢后(hou)重(zhong)新上蠟(la)(la)。如何降低石(shi)材加工(gong)過程中產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)音(yin)？石(shi)材加工(gong)過程中不論使用什么設(she)備及加工(gong)工(gong)藝都(dou)難免(mian)會有噪(zao)音(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)，特別是在不規范操作(zuo)或過負荷操作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)所產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)強烈刺耳的(de)(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)音(yin)會更加嚴(yan)重(zhong)影響周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境。

機器研磨(mo)(mo)。nJ分(fen)為(wei)(wei)5道l序(xu)。①柑磨(mo)(mo)。柑磨(mo)(mo)是為(wei)(wei)了(le)校準(zhun)(zhun)板(ban)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平堅(jian)度(du)(du)與(yu)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)。②半絀(chu)磨(mo)(mo)。把板(ban)材(cai)(cai)初步(bu)磨(mo)(mo)絀(chu)，使(shi)1E達到要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)平度(du)(du)與(yu)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)。③絀(chu)磨(mo)(mo)。進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)磨(mo)(mo)絀(chu)是為(wei)(wei)了(le)將(jiang)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)顏包(bao)和(he)花紋(wen)恩小出(chu)來。④精磨(mo)(mo)。為(wei)(wei)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)做好(hao)準(zhun)(zhun)備(bei)，使(shi)i.表而(er)(er)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定光(guang)(guang)澤度(du)(du)。⑤拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)。使(shi)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)表而(er)(er)具有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)滑度(du)(du)，表而(er)(er)具有(you)(you)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反射光(guang)(guang)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)，1E…有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)花紋(wen)和(he)顏包(bao)大(da)限度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)露出(chu)來。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況(kuang)卜(bu)，淺包(bao)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)比深(shen)包(bao)石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝飾效(xiao)果更(geng)易(yi)展現。(2)火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)(yan)燒(shao)毛(mao)。川火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)(yan)噴射器將(jiang)錨(mao)剴后的(de)(de)(de)(de)板(ban)材(cai)(cai)表而(er)(er)燒(shao)毛(mao)，使(shi)1E恢(hui)復大(da)然表而(er)(er)，再(zai)川鋼(gang)艘刷刷掉表而(er)(er)碎(sui)片(pian)，再(zai)川研磨(mo)(mo)機研磨(mo)(mo)，使(shi)表而(er)(er)色(se)彩和(he)觸感達到裝飾的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)(yan)燒(shao)毛(mao)常(chang)川J‘花崗巖(yan)類板(ban)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)II(3)鑿毛(mao)。此加(jia)(jia)l方法(fa)(fa)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)手(shou)工、機具與(yu)手(shou)工相(xiang)結合(he)法(fa)(fa)，傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)工雕琢法(fa)(fa)耗人力(li)、周(zhou)期(qi)長，但加(jia)(jia)工出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)品表面(mian)層次豐富、觀賞性強；而(er)(er)機具雕琢法(fa)(fa)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)生產規(gui)模和(he)效(xiao)率。